Jean-Paul Sartre

Jean-Paul Sartre

1905 — 1980

France 20th Century Existentialism

Biography

Jean-Paul Sartre was a philosopher, writer, playwright, public figure. Nobel Prize laureate (refused to accept).

'Existence precedes essence' — the motto of atheistic existentialism. Man has no given nature; he creates himself through free choice. 'Man is condemned to be free.'

Freedom is inseparable from responsibility and anxiety. 'Hell is other people' — a famous phrase from the play 'No Exit.'

Key Ideas

  • Existence precedes essence
  • Man is condemned to be free
  • Hell is other people
  • Anxiety and responsibility
  • Bad faith (mauvaise foi)

Works

  • Being and Nothingness (1943)

    Main philosophical work

  • Existentialism Is a Humanism (1946)

    Popular exposition of ideas

  • Nausea (1938)

    Philosophical novel